Cathodic protection design
Cathodic protection design for new and aging offshore and marine assets
![RigSunset1296px.jpg](/media/5391/rigsunset1296px.jpg?width=1296&height=0&mode=crop)
Cathodic protection design services and third-party review from NACE-certified engineers
In addition to new-build designs according to NACE, ISO and DNV standards for traditional assets, Deepwater specializes in protecting complex subsea equipment and designing retrofit anode systems for aging assets in need of life extension.
![P1000034-Quick Preset_1024x768.jpg](/media/1588/p1000034-quick-preset_1024x768.jpg?width=538&height=359&mode=crop)
![Modeling8.jpg](/media/3341/modeling8.jpg?width=538&height=359&mode=crop)
![IMG_3545.jpg](/media/1765/img_3545.jpg?width=538&height=359&mode=crop)
CP design codes for new assets
![DeepC_Meter_in_action.jpg](/media/1620/deepc_meter_in_action.jpg?center=0.67611336032388669,0.52189781021897808&width=628&height=419&mode=crop)
Subsea pipelines
Anode system design for new pipelines also is strictly governed by industry-accepted design codes DNV RP-F103, ISO 15589-2 and NACE SP0169-2007
![prb23pic6.jpg](/media/1921/prb23pic6.jpg?width=628&height=419&mode=crop)
For subsea equipment
For subsea production equipment or anything else in deep water, the existing standards are modified by the following: NACE 7L192
![IMG_0224-Quick Preset_1024x768.jpg](/media/1709/img_0224-quick-preset_1024x768.jpg?width=628&height=419&mode=crop)
Tank internals
For CP Systems installed inside tanks and process vessels, the following standards are used: API 561
![neba platform 5-TB_1024x768.jpg](/media/3312/neba-platform-5web.jpg?width=628&height=419&mode=crop)
Platforms and floaters
New platforms, TLPs and floating production are all designed to one of the established design codes: DNV-RP-B401, NACE SP0176-2007 and ISO 19906
CP design for life extension
Project experience
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PanYu 30-1
Project case study: ICCP anode retrofit for eight-leg structure in the South China Sea
- Water depth: 200 m
- Fixed monitoring
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Kitchen Lights
Project case study: ICCP anode system for a new platform in Alaska
- New fixed jacket
- Cook Inlet, Alaska
- Impressed current
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Zafiro Producer
Project case study: Impressed current cathodic protection of FPSO hull
- Water depth: 590 ft
- Dynamic cable
- 800 Amps CP
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Dock Cathodic Protection
Anodes systems for Docks, Jetties and Piers
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Tapis-F & Irong Barat B
Project case study: Anodes replaced on two Malaysian platforms
- Fixed platforms
- Installation: ROV
- Install time: 63 hrs
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RetroLinks protect Gulf of Mexico platform
- 44 RetroLinks™ installed
- Anode string length: 200 feet
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California wave park survey
Project case study: California wave park corrosion survey
- CVI/NDT inspection Done
- 500,000 sq. ft. + facility
- 55+ assets Inspected
- ICCP retrofit recommended
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Houston Ship Channel dock
Project case study: Houston Ship Channel retrofit
- 5 docks protected
- Installation: Divers
- 47 RetroLinks™ installed
- 16 ICCP anodes installed
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Tubular Bells
Project case study: Anode retrofit for production pipelines in Mississippi Canyon
- Water depth: 4,500 ft
- Installation: ROV
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Ship Shoal structures
Project case study: RetroLink™ anode strings on shallow-water assets in the Gulf of Mexico
- 64 RetroLinks™
- 25 structures
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Montara CP test stations
Montara Pipeline fitted with CP test stations
- Wellhead trees and PLET needed electrical continuity
- Piggybacks on flowlines lacked continuity
- Tiebacks were used to ensure electrical continuity
- RetroClamp™ CP test stations were added
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Hydrogen embrittlement study
Project Case Study: Hydrogen Embrittlement Study
- Study focused on clamp connector
- Possible gasket embrittlement from CP
- Internal sections of clamp monitored for CP
- Polarization of gasket could generate hydrogen
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Offshore wind farm
Project case study: ICCP anode sled to supplement failing anodes on 33 wind turbines
- Field: 33 tripod turbines
- Install: < 24 hrs / turbine
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Leman Alpha
Project case study: ICCP anode sled to supplement failing anodes on three structures
- Install: 12 hours per buoy
- Depth: 35 M
- 25-year design life
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TAQA North Cormorant
Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) retrofit on the North Cormorant Platform
- Fixed platforms
- Installation: ROV
- Install time: 18 hrs
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Tabu, Guntong, Semangkok
Project case study: Anodes replaced during pipeline survey campaign
- 3 pipelines
- Installation: ROV
- Install time: 4 days
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Offshore drill stack
Project case study: CP levels monitored and corrected
- Recap Datalogger
- CP & Coating Remediation
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6 Bay Marchand platforms
Project case study: Anode retrofit of 6 Bay Marchand platforms
- 6 structures
- 61 anode strings
- 5 year life extension
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Joliet TLP
Project case study: Anode retrofit for the foundation template of a TLWP in Green Canyon
- Water depth: 1,760 ft
- 19 x RetroPods™
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Cathodic protection sleds
Heavy-duty anode sleds for high water currents
- Heavy duty, lower profile sleds
- For high water current environments
- High-strength piping
- 20-year design life
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Frying Pan Tower
Project case study: Offshore bed and breakfast platform anode retrofit
- Civilian owned
- 12 RetroLinks™
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Green Canyon
Project case study: Anode sleds installed at Neptune and Shenzi fields
- Water depth: 4,400 ft
- Install time: 3 days
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Brent pipeline
Project case study: Pipeline anode retrofit with mattresses
- 12 km pipeline
- Conctrete weight coat
- 15 year life extension
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Garden Banks 191-A Anode retrofit
Project case study: ICCP anode sleds retrofit on a GOM fixed platform
- Water depth: 720 ft
- Installation: ROV
- Install time: 2 days
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Shenzi subsea tree
Project case study: SunStation CP monitoring system interrogated by ROV at 4,300 ft
- Water depth: 4,300 ft
- 25-year monitoring system
- No batteries required
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GOM structures
Project case study: Cathodic protection retrofit on five structures in fourteen days
- 5 fixed jackets
- Install time: 14 days
- 210' four point boat
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Arnold / Oyster fields
Project case study: Anode retrofit on two deep-water subsea fields in the Gulf of Mexico
- Installation: ROV
- Install time: 72 hours
- Depth: 775 ft / 1,750 ft
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Forties field flowlines
Project Case Study: Anode retrofit for the in-field flowlines in the North Sea
- Install time: 60 hours
- Depth: 106 m
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Duncan Wharf
Project case study: Cathodic protection retrofit using impressed current anode sleds
- Semi-Arctic temperatures
- 3,700 AMPS of CP
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Cook Inlet Pier
Project case study: Deepwater designs and installs new impressed current pile anode in Alaska.
- 1,800 AMPS of CP
- Freeze / thaw resistant
![](/media/2075/retrolink-brochure-rear-shot.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Bahamas loading dock
Project case study: Failing dock anodes replaces with topside anode strings
- Sacrificial anodes
- Diverless install
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Alba Field
Project Case Study: Anode replacement on a pipeline in EG
- Installation: ROV
- Depth: 200 ft
- Sacrificial anode sled
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Neptune Spar
Project Case Study: ICCP anode sled to supplement failing anodes on the hull
- INSTALL TIME: 72 HOURS
- DEPTH: 1,930 FT
- 15 YEAR DESIGN LIFE
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Arklow Bank
Project case study: ICCP anode system for wind farms in the Irish Sea
- 7 x wind turbines
- Water depth: 10 m
- Offshore time: 11 days
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Ras Gharib platform
Project case study: Retrofit anode sleds for a fixed platform in the Red Sea
- Install: Divers
- Install time: 24 hours
- Depth: 14 m
- As left: (-)1.050V vs Ag/AgCl
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Lufeng 13-2
Project case study: Two RetroBuoy™ systems for a fixed platform in the South China Sea
- Platform installed 2005
- Premature anode failure
- Depth: 430 ft
- Supplemental ICCP anodes
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Forties Field platforms
Project case study: Nine RetroBuoy™ systems installed to protect four aging North Sea structures.
- 4 fixed platforms
- 9 x 450 Amp sleds
- Install: 12 hours each
- 20-year design life
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South Pass 62-C
Project case study: Two RetroBuoy™ systems replace spent anodes on a 330 ft platform in the Gulf of Mexico
- Install time: 30 hours
- Depth: 330 ft
- 20 YEAR DESIGN LIFE
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Black Bay platforms
Project case study: Anode strings retrofit on 69 structures in Black Bay, Gulf of Mexico
- 115 anode strings
- 22 continuity jumpers
- Structures: 69
- Offshore time: 22 days
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24 inch methanol pipeline
Project case study: RetroMat™ anode sleds installed on the Atlantic methanol pipeline in EG
- Local assembly
- Offshore time: 3 days
- Length: 2 km
- As left: -1.025V vs Ag/AgC
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Chinook Field PLET
Project case study: Deepwater designs a mini-gateway retrofit in the Gulf of Mexico
- Continuity jumper
- Borrowed CP from PLET
- Custom design
- 2 week turnaround
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Eugene Island 295-A
Project case study: Spent platform anodes replaced with subsea anode strings by divers
- Installation: Divers
- Install time: 60 hours
- Depth: 220 ft
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LAF-1 & 2 Platforms
Project case study: Single float RetroBuoy™ systems installed in the Gulf of Guinea.
- Installation: ROV
- Impressed current anodes
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ERWB Jackets
Project case study: Seabed anode sleds retrofit CP on Gulf of Thailand platforms
- Bridge-connected jackets
- Water depth: 200 ft
- Install time: 60 hours
- Seabed anodes only
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Ewing Bank 305-A
Project case study: Two large impressed-current anode sleds installed on a GOM platform
- Water depth: 300 ft
- 20 year life extension
- 800 Amps of CP current
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Olympus Field PBGs
Project case study: Self-monitored anode sled protects 24 new PGBs at 3,000 ft for 45 years.
- Installation: ROV
- Install time: 30 hours
- Battery-free monitoring
- 45-year design life
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Liverpool Bay OSI
Project case study: Hanging ICCP anode system installed to protect the hull of a floating storage vessel
- Installation: Topside
- Offshore time: 4 days
- Unit is storm-recoverable
- 10 year life extension
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Tamar Field
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8 inch pipeline
Project case study: RetroLink™ anode strings used to retrofit cathodic protection on 8 inch pipeline
- Installation: Divers
- Offshore time: 30 hours
- Length: 4.5 km
- As left: -0.998V vs Ag/AgCl
![](/media/4509/7083-pic-11l.jpeg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Dudgeon OWF
Project case study: Remote cathodic protection monitoring system installed in the North Sea
- 4 offshore turbines
- 32 km offshore
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Dana Triton FPSO retrofit
Project case study: Hanging ICCP anode system installed to protect the hull of a floating storage vessel
- Installation: Topside
- Unit is storm-recoverable
- Remote O&M
![](/media/5444/bard-web-_2783-copy.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
BARD Offshore 1 OSS retrofit
Project case study: RetroBuoy™ ICCP anode system for an OSS transformer platform
- Platform installed 2010
- Premature anode failure
- 25-year design life
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Pipeline Excavation Tool (PET™) installs RetroClamp™
Excavation of shallow buried underwater pipeline near Grand Isle, LA
- Entire operation done from topside - no divers
- Took two hours to excavate and install RetroClamp™
- Whole operation including setup and demob took one day
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Case study: Sendje Ceiba FPSO outfitted with RetroBuoy™ ICCP sled
Project case study: RetroBuoy™ ICCP anode system installed to protect the hull of a floating storage vessel
- Up to 500 amps for 20 years
- Initial current required: 190 amps
- Final current required: 404 amps
![](/media/5488/prb_7186_7_web.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Gunfleet Sands wind farm anodes
38 monopiles retrofit in Gunfleet Sands
- 38 monopiles retrofitted in Gunfleet Sands
- Monitoring added to 6 Gunfleet Sands monopiles
- Monopile in Lincs gets CP retrofit and monitoring
![](/media/5496/prb-3871-thumb-web.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Enterprise dock anodes
SACP retrofit of dock structure and pilings in Beaumont, Texas
- Sections of dock, dolphins and piles had insufficient CP
- Anodes added to supplement existing land-side ICCP
- Continuity cables added to discontinuous sections
![](/media/5507/prb-7073-thumb_web.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
LINCS wind farm monitoring
Monitoring systems for wind monopiles
- Wind monopiles without internal coating or CP
- Long-term monitoring on sampling of structures
- Corrosion coupons measure wall loss over time
- Electrical resistance system logs data
![](/media/5517/prb-2441-photo8_web.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Sheringham Shoal anode strings
RetroLink™ anode string tested on wind farm monopile
- Inadequate CP on external sections of pile
- Retrofit couldn't use divers or welding
- RetroLinks™ attached to custom clamps
- Current monitoring and reference electrodes added
![](/media/5588/prb-3892-unloadtemp.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Port of Alaska dock
Cathodic protection retrofit for beams
- 8 Raparound™ anodes used
- Divers secured anodes and routed cables
![](/media/5590/prb-3903-legtemp.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Who Dat retrofit with suspended ICCP anodes
Semi-submersible rig needed short-term CP
- Most existing ICCP anodes had failed
- Suspended anode chosen as fastest, lowest-cost option
- Existing transformer/rectifier used
- Suspended anode is tethered to prevent damage
![](/media/5603/prb3004_thumb2.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
RetroLink™ anode strings installed
Apache’s EC-2-C 4-pile structure in the Gulf of Mexico
- Six RetroLink™ anode strings installed
- Depth: 30 feet of water
- Located in Gulf of Mexico
- Total time - including travel - 6 hours
![](/media/5640/3542_thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Galveston Island Historic Pleasure Pier retrofit
47 RetroLink™ anode strings installed
- RetroLink™ anode strings installed
- Anode strings attached with RetroClamps™
- CP levels verified using Polatrak ®CP Gun™
![](/media/5648/prb_3458_thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
RetroPods™ installed on wellheads and SUTA
Three anode sleds protect subsea equipment
- RetroPod™ anode sleds installed
- RetroClamps™ provide electrical connection
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CP jumper system installed on pipeline
Jumper system provides CP bridge across insulator joint
- Two 12” RetroClamps™ were installed
- Pair of 4/0 cables provide continuity
- ROV installation
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ReCap™ data logger installed on BOP stack
Can log CP data for 4 years at 3,000 meter depths
- System includes high - impedance data logger
- Two V-String™ zinc reference electrodes used
- Data recorded every 15 minutes for four years
- Non-stop data logging of two independent channels
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Four platforms retrofit near Trinidad
59 anode sleds, 3 clamp-on anodes used
- 59 anode sleds were required
- 3 Dual-anode clamp-ons were used
- Smaller booster anodes added to top of sleds
- Systems were connected via RetroClamps™
![](/media/5706/3516thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
RetroLinks™ installed on multiple assets
Chevron needed CP retrofits on smaller Gulf of Mexico structures
- A total of five RetroLinks™ installed
- Platforms, wellheads and pipeline risers
- Assets spread over various fields
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RetroLinks™ installed on Boardwalk Pipeline
Retrofit of shallow pipeline in swamp with RetroLinks™ and RetroClamps™
- 490 feet of RetroLinks™ installed
- RetroClamps™ attach anodes to pipeline
- RetroReader™ used to confirm connection
![](/media/5726/prb-3547-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Anode sled installed on fixed-jacket platform
Sled replaced anodes removed during construction
- Anode sled was attached via RetroClamp™
- Saturation divers used to place sled
![](/media/5730/prb-3538-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Anodes installed in chemical plant storage tank
Monitoring system also installed
- 12 weld-on zinc based anodes installed
- Potential monitoring panel using zinc reference electrodes was installed
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Four RetroSleds™ installed on two pipelines
One installed on 10" line, three on a 6" line
- Installed from jack-up boat
- Divers helped place the sleds
- In Gulf of Mexico, south of Louisiana
![](/media/5765/prb-3557-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
RetroLinks™ installed on Chevron East platform
23 RetroLink™ anode strings were attached
- RetroLinks™ were attached to 23 horizontal stand-offs
- Caisson structure in 48 feet of seawater
- Two Vamp Clamps™ used for electrical continuity
- 1.5 hours average installation time per anode string
![](/media/5778/prb-9031-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
RetroPods™ installed on ExxonMobil platforms in South China Sea
Guntong-F and Irong Barat-C platforms retrofit with RetroPods™
- Two platforms retrofit
- 36 RetroPods™ total installed on two platforms
- Assets in 63 meters of seawater
![](/media/5786/prb-3708-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Retrolinks™ installed on three platforms
Arenque A, B and C get CP retrofits
- 20 Retrolinks™ used per structure
- Retrolinks™ were 200 feet in length
- Protected for at least 5 years
![](/media/5800/prb-3590-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
RetroSled™ installed on subsea pipeline
6" pipeline in the Gulf of Mexico
- Pipeline near Renaissance MP 76 platform
- RetroSled™ used to provide CP
- RetroClamp™ provides electrical connection
- Located in the Gulf of Mexico
![](/media/5829/prb-3521-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Buffalo Bayou sheet pile survey
Corrosion survey of steel sheet piles in downtown Houston waterway
- Survey of submerged steel sheet piles
- Identify multiple discontinuities along piles
- 6 of 7 TRs were functioning
- Sampled mud and water for resistivity
![](/media/5843/prb9020_thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
160 km pipeline, platform, flare tower retrofit
Located in the Gulf of Thailand
- 81 RetroSleds™ and 162 RetroClamps™
- 13 Test stations installed
- RetroMat-CP Test Station™ used on buried pipeline
![](/media/5859/prb6007-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
CP monitoring installed on marine fueling dock
Açu Maritime Fuel Terminal - TECMA north of Rio de Janeiro State
- 8 V-String™ reference electrodes and monitoring panel
- Berth 1: 185m X 32m
- Berth 2: 110m X 21m
![](/media/5871/prb9018_thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Monitoring system for Australian pipeline
SunStation™, V-String™ and MA-1™ will monitor pipeline and hardware
- SunStation™ will monitor pipeline CP
- V-String™ reference electrode attached to SunStation™
- MA-1™ will monitor Spool Connection Assembly
![](/media/5948/prb-30022-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
RetroLinks™ installed on smaller Gulf of Mexico structure
Quarter North Energy’s SS-80A
- RetroLink™ anode strings installed
- RetroLinks attached to stand-offs welded to structure
- Smaller structure in Gulf of Mexico
- Water depth: 25 feet
![](/media/5963/prb-7194-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
CP simulation on an offshore platform
CP modeling was used to provide depolarization timeline
- Inspection CP data used
- 3D CAD model used
- North Sea simulation
![](/media/6015/prb-7209-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Riser base CP modeling
Modeling used to verify 15-year life extension
- Developed 3D CAD model of asset
- Used existing CP survey data
- 15-year life extension
![](/media/6029/prb-9632-thumb.webp?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
RetroPods™ installed on FPU subsea equipment
Wellheads and gravity bases protected by RetroPods™
- 12 RetroPods™ and 18 Web-RetroClamps™ installed
- 10-year life extension
- 115 meter water depth
![](/media/6123/thumb.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Arabian Gulf pipeline CP retrofit
- 25 RetroClamps™ deployed
- 8-inch pipeline from wellhead platform
- Used to electrically connect anode sleds
![](/media/6133/prb_3858_thumb.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
64 RetroLinks™ installed on pipelines
- 64 RetroLinks™ used
- 26 RetroClamps™ used to attach links
- Anode strings laid on seabed
![](/media/6218/prb3014_thumb_web.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
Deepwater installs RetroSleds™ to protect two pipelines
- 2 RetroSleds™ and 4 RetroClamps™ on 8" pipeline
- 1 RetroSled™ and 2 RetroClamps™ on 12" pipeline
- Pipelines at 210' and 220' depth
![](/media/6248/thumb.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
RetroLinks™ installed on small structure
- 14 RetroLinks™ installed
- 66" lengths
- Gulf of Mexico
![](/media/6268/prb3953_thumb2_web.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
PET™ pipeline excavation and clamp installation
- 48" and 30" pipelines under 4' to 6' of mud
- PET™ used to excavate pipes
- Two RetroClamps™ installed
- Excavation time: 2 hours
![](/media/6251/prb3756_thumb.jpg?width=400&height=300&mode=crop)
20 RetroLinks™ installed in Gulf of Mexico
- 20 RetroLinks™ installed
- 150-foot RetroLink™ length
- Water depth: 148 feet
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I-Rod® 28 years after installation
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The cost of a bad pipe support
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Harmony, Heritage and Hondo
- Depths: 850 ft to 1,200 ft
- Install: 21 Retrobuoys™ in 17 days
- 25-year design life